Question 1

What is .NET?

Accepted Answer

.NET is an open-source, free framework developed by Microsoft for Windows, Linux, and Mac operating systems. NET is a free, cross-platform, open-source developer platform for building many kinds of applications. It can run programs written in multiple languages, with C# being the most popular.

Question 2

Does .NET support all programming languages?

Accepted Answer

The .NET framework supports more than 60 programming languages including C#, COBOL, VB.NET, Perl, and Python.

Question 3

How can .NET be used in Internet of Things (IoT)?

Accepted Answer

The cross-platform support offered by .NET allows developers to build IoT applications with C# and .NET that run on Raspberry Pi, HummingBoard, BeagleBoard, Pine A64, and more. The open-source libraries and framework of .NET can interact with specific hardware like sensors, analog-to-digital converters, and LCD devices.

Question 4

What do you know about the CLR component in .NET?

Accepted Answer

.NET Framework includes the CLR, which is an execution engine that runs the code and provides services that make the development process easier. It helps you execute .NET programs in many supported languages. With the help of CLR, developers can move a program compiled for the CLR to any system with Windows 2000 or Windows XP.

Question 5

What is an EXE and a DLL?

Accepted Answer

EXE and DLLs are assembly executable modules.    
An EXE is an executable file produced when we build an application. EXE assembly modules cannot be shared with the other applications and are loaded directly when we run an EXE.      
An EXE Dynamic Link Library (DLL) is a library with code that needs to be hidden. An application can contain several DLLs that can be shared with other programs and applications.

Question 6

What is the difference between int and Int32?

Accepted Answer

There is no difference between int and Int32. Int32 is a type provided by the .NET framework class whereas int is another name for Int32 in the C# programming language.

Question 7

Are ASP.NET and ASP the same?

Accepted Answer

ASP.NET is used to create dynamic web applications using .NET languages such as C# and VB.NET compiled into MSIL. ASP is a server-side technology used to create web pages using VBScript. ASP.NET uses ADO.NET technology to connect and work with databases. ASP uses ADO technology.

Question 8

What happens during garbage collection in .NET?

Accepted Answer

The System.GC.Collect() method is used to perform garbage collection in .NET.    
Garbage collection is a process that  
&#10022; Recognizes the list of live objects   
&#10022; Updates references for compacted objects  
&#10022; Recollects memory space occupied by dead objects  
&#10022; Moves the remaining objects to an older segment

Question 9

What is caching?

Accepted Answer

Caching stores data temporarily in the memory for easy access by applications. As data can be easily accessed instead of original location search, cache increases the speed and performance efficiency of an application.   
There are three types of caching:  
&#10022; Page caching  
&#10022; Data caching  
&#10022; Fragment caching

Question 10

How can you apply themes to ASP.NET applications?

Accepted Answer

We have to modify the code in the web.config file to apply themes to ASP.NET applications:

Question 11

What is manifest used for in the .NET framework?

Accepted Answer

Manifest stores the metadata of the assembly and is used for:  
&#10022; Assembly version information  
&#10022; Scope checking of the assembly  
&#10022; Reference validation to classes  
&#10022; Security identification

Question 12

What type of memories does the .NET framework support?

Accepted Answer

Stack:  Stack keeps track of each executing thread and its location. It is a stored-value type used for static memory allocation.   
 Heap:  Heap keeps track of the more precise objects or data. It is a stored reference type used for dynamic memory allocation.

Question 13

What is CAS in .NET?

Accepted Answer

Code Access Security (CAS) is designed to take care of the bugs and vulnerabilities faced while obtaining code from external sources. CAS prevents unauthorized access to programs and resources in the runtime.

Question 14

What is localization and globalization?

Accepted Answer

Localization is used to customize an application so that it can behave as per the current culture and locale. In globalization, the application is designed such that it supports multiple languages for users from across the globe to use it.

Question 15

What is the difference between managed and unmanaged code?

Accepted Answer

The main difference between managed and unmanaged code is listed below:

Managed Code  
 Unmanaged Code

It is managed by CLR.   
 It is not managed by CLR.

.NET framework is a must for execution.  
 Does not require a .NET framework for the execution.

Memory management is done through garbage collection.  
 Runtime environment takes care of memory management.

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