Question 1

What is Jenkins?

Accepted Answer

Jenkins is an open-source, self-contained automation server. It can automate tasks related to building, testing, and delivering or deploying software.

Question 2

What are the ways to install Jenkins?

Accepted Answer

The User Documentation Page of Jenkins has detailed documentation for installing and running Jenkins. Jenkins can be installed using:   
 
 Native System Package Manager like apt (Linux), brew (Mac), etc.  
 Docker – through Docker images available in the docker registry   
 Kubernetes   
 Standalone, on any machine with a Java Runtime Environment installed)

Question 3

How does Jenkins work?

Accepted Answer

Jenkins regularly checks for changes in the repository.  
 Jenkins develops a new build according to the defined changes.  
 Jenkins moves as per the stages in its usual pipeline.  
 In case a stage fails, the Jenkins build stops and informs the respective team.  
 Upon stage completion, the code is implemented in the server to begin the testing.  
 After the testing, Jenkins shares the result with the team

Question 4

What are some benefits of using Jenkins?

Accepted Answer

Jenkins is a free and open-source automation tool, so we don’t have to worry about procurement costs for code pipelines. Jenkins has many plugins, ranging from on-premises to cloud.  Jenkins can be easily set up and installed on multiple operating systems. We can host Jenkins on premises, on the cloud, or in a container. Jenkins can also work with another platform a software team uses for continuous delivery. Moreover, we can also integrate the CI and build portion of a pipeline with another tool, then use Jenkins to build and store the application's artifacts.

Question 5

What is Continuous Integration, Continuous Delivery, and Continuous Deployment?

Accepted Answer

Continuous Integration is a software development process where the changes made to software are integrated into the main code as and when a patch is ready. This way, the software is always ready to be built, tested, deployed, monitored.

Continuous Delivery is a software development process where the CI changes are tested & deployed continuously into a specific environment. This is done after all successful quality checks through a manual release process.

Continuous Deployment deploys the CI changes automatically into the target environment after all the successful quality checks.

Question 6

How does Jenkins work with GitHub?

Accepted Answer

Jenkins scans the entire GitHub organization and creates Pipeline jobs for each repository containing a Jenkinsfile. Then, after checking the code or creating a new pupil request, it executes the Pipeline job and returns the status to GitHub indicating whether it failed or was successful. We can record the deployments that occur in Jenkins back into GitHub to audit the entire lifecycle.

Question 7

What are the types of Jenkins pipelines?

Accepted Answer

Declarative pipelines use a lot of generic, predefined build steps/stages to build jobs according to the build/automation needs.

Scripted pipelines use custom or used steps/stages using a groovy syntax that provides better control & fine-tuned execution levels.

Question 8

What are the ways to trigger a Jenkins Job/Pipeline?

Accepted Answer

Here are few ways of triggering a Jenkins pipeline:   
 
 Trigger an API (POST) request to the target job URL with the required data  
 Trigger it manually from the Jenkins web application  
 Use upstream/downstream triggers by other Jenkins jobs   
 Use Jenkins CLI from the master/slave nodes  
 Employ time-based Scheduled Triggers like a cron job  
 Use event-based Triggers like SCM Actions and WebHooks

Question 9

List some features of Groovy in Jenkins.

Accepted Answer

Groovy is a Java-syntax-compatible object-oriented programming language for the Java platform.   
 
 It orchestrates Jenkins pipeline.  
 It allows different teams to provide support for work in varied languages  
 Its syntax is similar to Java and can be used seamlessly with the Java interface

Question 10

What commands can start Jenkins?

Accepted Answer

Open the command prompt  
 Navigate to the directory to locate Jenkins war  
 Run the following command: D:>java -jar Jenkins.war

Question 11

How to set up a Jenkin job?

Accepted Answer

Log on to the Jenkins dashboard  
 Click on "New Items" displayed at the top left corner of the dashboard  
 Enter the relevant details and press OK  
 Enter project details

Enter repository URL

Change the settings under the "build" section as required

Click "Apply" and "Save" the project

Build source code by clicking "Build Now"

Check the status under "Build History"

Click on "Build Number" and then "Console Output" to see the status

Question 12

What are the prerequisites of using Jenkins?

Accepted Answer

Before using Jenkins, you need a source repository, such as Git, SVN, or Mercurial as a central hub where the project's source code is stored and managed. Then, we need a build script, which has instructions or procedures that define how to compile, test, and package your application. We also need to be familiar with how to set up different jobs, chains of jobs, nodes, and install necessary plugins to configure Jenkins as per our project needs.

Question 13

How to move or copy Jenkins from one server to another?

Accepted Answer

Backup Jenkins home directory  
 Install Jenkins on the target server  
 Transfer the backed-up Jenkins home directory  
 Start Jenkins on new server  
 Verify configurations and functionality through the web interface  
 Update DNS and URLs if required  
 Monitor and troubleshoot

Question 14

How to make a Multibranch Pipeline in Jenkins?

Accepted Answer

Click on “new item” from the Jenkins dashboard.  
 Name the project and select “Multibranch pipeline”. Click “Ok”.  
 Choose the repository location, branch source, and add the credentials for branch source. Save this project. This will create multibranch pipelines for repositories.  
 Connect to GitHub repo through HookURL.  
 Add HookURL to Webhooks.  
 Now when jobs are created, Jenkins will trigger the build.

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